Cirrhosis is the final stage of liver injury and degeneration.  It occurs in 15 % of heavy drinkers.  Other causes of liver cirrhosis are drug or chemical poisoning, hepatitis B virus, cystic fibrosis, etc.  Cirrhosis is characterized by liver necrosis meaning the normal liver tissue is gradually destroyed and replaced by inactive fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue). NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT: Energy... 

Food that we eat is classified as follows on the basis of its cariogenicity activity: Cariogenic foods: These are foods that contain fermentable carbohydrates, which in contact with micro-organisms in the mouth can cause a drop in salivary pH to 5.5 or less and stimulate caries process.  Examples are foods rich in simple carbohydrates. NOTE:  When the pH of saliva falls below 5.5 dental caries occur... 

Gingivitis means inflammation of the gums. It is manifested as change in color, enlargement, bleeding, puffiness, and ulceration. CAUSES FOR GINGIVITIS: The most common cause is the accumulation of TARTAR (Calculus), the scaly yellowish or brownish hard chalk-like substance that forms at the gum margins around the teeth. This tartar irritates and pushes the gums away from the teeth and causes gingivitis....